Fig. 4

Potential probiotics restore normal lipid levels in the liver, reduce oxidative stress, and alleviate inflammation in elderly mice. (A) The upper panel depicts the presence of excessive lipid accumulation, while the lower panel shows the staining of lipid accumulation in liver tissue of elderly mice that were administered probiotics, as compared to their respective control groups. (n = 3–5 section from 5 mice in each group) (B) Quantitative of anti-oxidant SOD level and oxidative stress MDA level. (n = 5–6 mice in each group) (C) Quantitative of proinflammatory cytokine level (D) Quantitative of liver enzymes AST and ALT level in liver tissue of elderly mice received probiotics in comparison to control groups (n = 5 mice in each group). The results shown in this figure are expressed as the mean ± SEM. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the comparisons of more than two groups followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. P < 0.05 *, P < 0.01 **, and P < 0.001 ***