Fig. 9

Annexin V-FITC-PI expression in HCT-116 cell line, showing the proportion of cells undergoing apoptosis in response to treatment by B. velezensis DM extract. Necrotic cells: upper left, late apoptosis cells: upper right, early apoptosis cells: lower right. Annexin-V binds to phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed on the surface of the early apoptotic cells, producing green fluorescence, while PI stains the DNA of late apoptotic and necrotic cells showing red fluorescence