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Table 4 Univariate General Linear Model analysis of absolute change between time points of questionnaire scores adjusted by BMI and age

From: Balneotherapy for the treatment of post-COVID syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Questionnaires/scales

post-balneotherapy vs. control group

one month after balneotherapy vs. control group

 

Beta-coefficient [95%CI]

FDR p-value

Beta-coefficient [95%CI]

FDR p-value

 

PCFS

0.131 [-0.165;0.427]

0.448

0.16 [-0.281;0.313]

0.916

 

mMRC Dyspnoea Scale

0.267 [-0.54;0.588]

0.153

0.35 [0.05;0.65]

0.069

 

SF-36 Scale

     

Physical functioning

-5.873 [-12.24;0.501]

0.718

-6.187 [-12.24;-0.12]

0.115

 

Role limitations due to physical health

-10.634 [-19.04;-2.22]

0.026

-13.582 [-22.50;-4.66]

0.011

 

Role limitations due to emotional problems

-12.663 [-22.27;-3.04]

0.023

-9.258 [-18.84;0.33]

0.124

 

Energy/fatigue

-17.45 [-24.23;-10.66]

<0.0001

-16.52 [-24.32;-8.71]

0.00015

 

Emotional well-being

-11.356 [-17.75;-4.96]

0.003

-3.598 [-10.77;3.578]

0.535

 

Social functioning

-16.513 [-25.55;-7.47]

<0.0001

-15.956 [-25.43;-6.47]

0.005

 

Pain

-21.634 [-30.48;-12.78]

<0.0001

-15.998 [-25.36;-6.63]

0.005

 

General health

-2.519 [-8.065;3.028]

0.448

-2.993 [-9599;3.614]

0.555

 

PSQI

2.641 [1.15;4.12]

0.003

1.096 [-0.466;2.657]

0.311

 

HADS

     

Anxiety

1.72 [0.40;3.03]

0.023

-0.154 [-1.775;1.468]

0.911

 

Depression

0.562 [-0.730;1.855]

0.448

0.232 [-1.225;1.688]

0.911

 

MFE-30

1.168 [-5.235;7.570]

0.718

0.785 [-6.113;7.681]

0.911

 

VAS

1.625 [0.32;2.96]

0.026

0.536 [-0.817;1.888]

0.586

 
  1. Beta-coefficient [95% confident interval] and Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted (FDR) p-values are displayed. Abbreviations: PCFS (Post-COVID-19 functional status scale); mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) Dyspnea Scale; SF-36 (Short Form-36 Health Survey) questionnaire; PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index); HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale); MFE-30 (Memory failures in everyday life following severe head injury); VAS (Visual Analogic Scale)