Fig. 9

Effect of AA given via nose-to-brain delivery and oral administration on MDA levels in mouse brain induced by Aβ1-42. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 5–6/group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with the Sham group; #p < 0.05 compared with the Aβ + Veh group (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test)